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Lulu

One spelling. All preserved contexts.
Read claims alongside their sources.

Script: Latin
Compound status: Unknown
In this record: Relationships: 3 · observations: 6

Candidate data 1.0.0. Unknown values have not been filled with guesses.

Language information

Dictionary information and other contexts are kept separate. A statistical territory does not establish the language of a name; a classification does not determine a person's gender.

Dictionary contexts

None provided for this spelling in this version.

Other contexts

Language	Gender in source	Basis	Evidence
Finnish	Not specified	Usage evidence	Evidence Language: Finnish. Source category: Not specified. Basis: Usage evidence. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "usage_evidence", "context_id": "ctx:2c12c38a-c596-5d52-b576-75d4333fbfac", "country": null, "evidence_id": "ev:73725157-c33f-5913-bc87-35d40b879b09", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "unknown", "language": "fi" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
Not specified	Female	Source classification	Evidence Language: Not specified. Source category: Female. Basis: Source classification. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "source_classification", "context_id": "ctx:5664735b-95dd-5cfe-af56-d85ee4831fbf", "country": null, "evidence_id": "ev:6c151cd5-fa1e-5dd8-b54c-cbc6b8236898", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "female", "language": null } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
English	Not specified	Usage evidence	Evidence Language: English. Source category: Not specified. Basis: Usage evidence. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "usage_evidence", "context_id": "ctx:727f11c8-dcbe-5027-89c9-e60556c4e2bb", "country": null, "evidence_id": "ev:63ccb0a0-e1a3-5364-a21a-ee0719bebc1c", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "unknown", "language": "en" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
Multiple languages	Not specified	Usage evidence	Evidence Language: Multiple languages. Source category: Not specified. Basis: Usage evidence. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "usage_evidence", "context_id": "ctx:7fe8b090-1120-58d6-8811-62359e9fce9d", "country": null, "evidence_id": "ev:20f5291a-f680-5386-a7ea-d3571db96f41", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "unknown", "language": "mul" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
French	Not specified	Usage evidence	Evidence Language: French. Source category: Not specified. Basis: Usage evidence. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "usage_evidence", "context_id": "ctx:e82be9ab-578b-5536-a249-f9b894a3498b", "country": null, "evidence_id": "ev:8ef6c430-94ae-54ff-9678-90ade8e44b72", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "unknown", "language": "fr" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
Not specified	Female	Birth statistics	Evidence Language: Not specified. Source category: Female. Basis: Birth statistics. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "official_birth_statistics", "context_id": "ctx:c5b832cd-3f35-5fc6-bdee-f195c817887b", "country": "DE", "evidence_id": "ev:6793cc61-88a3-5fb4-92c2-42a056dae8e2", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "female", "language": null } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
Taroko	Not specified	Usage evidence	Evidence Language: Taroko. Source category: Not specified. Basis: Usage evidence. This is a source claim, not a statement about a particular person. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "basis": "usage_evidence", "context_id": "ctx:73397152-ebc2-5be1-bd32-9547e77dd9ac", "country": null, "evidence_id": "ev:426965f8-87fb-54a2-955e-090558672e2c", "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "gender": "unknown", "language": "trv" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →

Related spellings

Every relationship has a direction and type. Source-reported equivalence does not imply universal interchangeability.

Relationships: 3

From	To	Type	Evidence
Lulu	Lula	Source-reported equivalence	Evidence The source reports a relationship of type «Source-reported equivalence». The direction is shown in the table row. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "evidence_id": "ev:fd3fd8be-6edd-5628-9cc1-1f98cde26447", "from_form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "language": null, "link_id": "lnk:93bf264d-37d6-5d66-b326-e01ee30ff690", "position": null, "relation": "source_equivalence", "scheme": null, "to_form_id": "frm:a6155508-70e0-520c-aa6f-e17e24bde99e" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
Lulu	Lulo	Source-reported equivalence	Evidence The source reports a relationship of type «Source-reported equivalence». The direction is shown in the table row. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "evidence_id": "ev:71d3d29e-95a9-5667-a645-604f8be9af4c", "from_form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "language": null, "link_id": "lnk:d382f4cb-ff42-5095-babb-f1cf77004cb5", "position": null, "relation": "source_equivalence", "scheme": null, "to_form_id": "frm:57371bee-b748-5667-af8e-55e0e4715672" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →
Lulu	لؤلؤ	Source-reported equivalence	Evidence The source reports a relationship of type «Source-reported equivalence». The direction is shown in the table row. Open source and technical details → Technical details and JSON Original claim { "evidence_id": "ev:52b5c82f-69bd-59c3-931a-38250ff9961a", "from_form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6", "language": null, "link_id": "lnk:250dad82-adef-5c71-b9b5-f6934af6e3fb", "position": null, "relation": "source_equivalence", "scheme": null, "to_form_id": "frm:13e5b93c-519e-53ea-ae5b-c689e7eb840f" } All claims and sources — go to this entry →

From

Type

Evidence

Lulu

Lula

Source-reported equivalence

Evidence

The source reports a relationship of type «Source-reported equivalence». The direction is shown in the table row.

Open source and technical details →

Technical details and JSON

Original claim

{
    "evidence_id": "ev:fd3fd8be-6edd-5628-9cc1-1f98cde26447",
    "from_form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6",
    "language": null,
    "link_id": "lnk:93bf264d-37d6-5d66-b326-e01ee30ff690",
    "position": null,
    "relation": "source_equivalence",
    "scheme": null,
    "to_form_id": "frm:a6155508-70e0-520c-aa6f-e17e24bde99e"
}

All claims and sources — go to this entry →

Lulu

Lulo

Source-reported equivalence

Evidence

The source reports a relationship of type «Source-reported equivalence». The direction is shown in the table row.

Open source and technical details →

Technical details and JSON

Original claim

{
    "evidence_id": "ev:71d3d29e-95a9-5667-a645-604f8be9af4c",
    "from_form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6",
    "language": null,
    "link_id": "lnk:d382f4cb-ff42-5095-babb-f1cf77004cb5",
    "position": null,
    "relation": "source_equivalence",
    "scheme": null,
    "to_form_id": "frm:57371bee-b748-5667-af8e-55e0e4715672"
}

All claims and sources — go to this entry →

Lulu

لؤلؤ

Source-reported equivalence

Evidence

The source reports a relationship of type «Source-reported equivalence». The direction is shown in the table row.

Open source and technical details →

Technical details and JSON

Original claim

{
    "evidence_id": "ev:52b5c82f-69bd-59c3-931a-38250ff9961a",
    "from_form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6",
    "language": null,
    "link_id": "lnk:250dad82-adef-5c71-b9b5-f6934af6e3fb",
    "position": null,
    "relation": "source_equivalence",
    "scheme": null,
    "to_form_id": "frm:13e5b93c-519e-53ea-ae5b-c689e7eb840f"
}

All claims and sources — go to this entry →

Usage in statistics

Series differ in coverage and counting units. Values cannot be added together to measure global popularity.

SeriesObservations shown: 6

Territory	Year	Category	Name position	Count
United States	2025	Female	Not available	50
England and Wales	2025	Female	Not available	28
Cologne	2011	Female	Not available	1
Cologne	2013	Female	Not available	2
Cologne	2016	Female	Not available	1
Cologne	2019	Female	2	1

An unspecified position is not treated as first position. Full counting units, methods and qualifications are preserved in the original data.

Observation technical details

[
    {
        "country": "US",
        "global_name_gender_inferred": false,
        "method": "deterministic_sum_of_source_counts",
        "published_count": 50,
        "reported_sex": "female",
        "source_csv_rows": [
            2153000
        ],
        "source_ref": "US",
        "year": 2025
    },
    {
        "country": "GB",
        "geography": "England and Wales",
        "global_name_gender_inferred": false,
        "method": "source_reported",
        "population_scope_ref": "girls-2025.xlsx:Notes!A6:B6",
        "published_count": 28,
        "published_rank": 1166,
        "rank_quality": "consistent_with_published_counts",
        "reported_sex": "female",
        "source_csv_rows": [
            49419
        ],
        "source_ref": "GB",
        "year": 2025
    },
    {
        "aggregation_allowed": false,
        "country": "DE",
        "evidence_id": "ev:6793cc61-88a3-5fb4-92c2-42a056dae8e2",
        "geography": "Köln",
        "global_name_gender_inferred": false,
        "method": "source_reported",
        "name_position": null,
        "published_count": 1,
        "published_rank": null,
        "reported_sex": "female",
        "resolved_text": "Lulu",
        "scope_note": "position_absent_repeated_keys_not_aggregated",
        "source_csv_rows": [
            8650
        ],
        "source_observation_id": "obs:ca17f87c-a9e5-5dbe-8b17-26f2c1bee3c3",
        "source_ref": "DE_KOELN_HISTORY",
        "source_reported_sex": "w",
        "source_text": "Lulu",
        "text_method": "NFC",
        "unit": "published_name_count_position_unspecified",
        "year": 2011
    },
    {
        "aggregation_allowed": false,
        "country": "DE",
        "evidence_id": "ev:df08b833-2718-5266-b490-2776da8e5bcd",
        "geography": "Köln",
        "global_name_gender_inferred": false,
        "method": "source_reported",
        "name_position": null,
        "published_count": 2,
        "published_rank": null,
        "reported_sex": "female",
        "resolved_text": "Lulu",
        "scope_note": "position_absent_repeated_keys_not_aggregated",
        "source_csv_rows": [
            16548
        ],
        "source_observation_id": "obs:cfdd1329-e6c5-5360-8965-3e395185fb95",
        "source_ref": "DE_KOELN_HISTORY",
        "source_reported_sex": "w",
        "source_text": "Lulu",
        "text_method": "NFC",
        "unit": "published_name_count_position_unspecified",
        "year": 2013
    },
    {
        "aggregation_allowed": false,
        "country": "DE",
        "evidence_id": "ev:eac0e6c5-d432-57dd-afa3-ffd06bfe9941",
        "geography": "Köln",
        "global_name_gender_inferred": false,
        "method": "source_reported",
        "name_position": null,
        "published_count": 1,
        "published_rank": null,
        "reported_sex": "female",
        "resolved_text": "Lulu",
        "scope_note": "position_absent_repeated_keys_not_aggregated",
        "source_csv_rows": [
            34919
        ],
        "source_observation_id": "obs:63e609f7-50bc-5eca-a793-4ef3b5a87809",
        "source_ref": "DE_KOELN_HISTORY",
        "source_reported_sex": "w",
        "source_text": "Lulu",
        "text_method": "NFC",
        "unit": "published_name_count_position_unspecified",
        "year": 2016
    },
    {
        "country": "DE",
        "evidence_id": "ev:5a9fbcda-2f2a-5b66-9892-12f67620c2db",
        "geography": "Köln",
        "global_name_gender_inferred": false,
        "method": "source_reported",
        "name_position": 2,
        "published_count": 1,
        "published_rank": null,
        "reported_sex": "female",
        "scope_note": "source_description_position_conflict",
        "source_csv_rows": [
            5358
        ],
        "source_observation_id": "obs:e7b9facb-4535-5110-b6b1-8f2b96721603",
        "source_ref": "DE_KOELN",
        "source_reported_sex": "w",
        "unit": "published_name_occurrences_at_position",
        "year": 2019
    }
]

Original statistical rows and notes →

A source behind every claim

Preserved evidence referenced by this record. Expand a description to view its source; original values are available in the technical details.

Usage context: Finnish · Not specified · Usage evidence

Open source and technical details →

Usage context: Not specified · Female · Source classification

Open source and technical details →

Usage context: English · Not specified · Usage evidence

Open source and technical details →

Usage context: Multiple languages · Not specified · Usage evidence

Open source and technical details →

Usage context: French · Not specified · Usage evidence

Open source and technical details →

Usage context: Not specified · Female · Birth statistics; Statistics: Cologne · 2011 · Female · count: 1 · name position: not specified

Open source and technical details →

Usage context: Taroko · Not specified · Usage evidence

Open source and technical details →

Provenance of the record «Lulu»

Open source and technical details →

Relationship «Lulu → Lula»: Source-reported equivalence

Open source and technical details →

Relationship «Lulu → Lulo»: Source-reported equivalence

Open source and technical details →

Relationship «Lulu → لؤلؤ»: Source-reported equivalence

Open source and technical details →

Statistics: Cologne · 2013 · Female · count: 2 · name position: not specified

Open source and technical details →

Statistics: Cologne · 2016 · Female · count: 1 · name position: not specified

Open source and technical details →

Statistics: Cologne · 2019 · Female · count: 1 · name position: 2

Open source and technical details →

Full record

All fields, including qualifiers, language qualifications, original codes and unknown values.

Open the full record JSON →

Field and compound-status provenance

{
    "field_evidence": [
        {
            "characters": " -‐‑–'’",
            "evidence_id": "ev:ad689565-bc02-58be-b03b-87a846d52088",
            "field": "contains_name_separator",
            "form_id": "frm:766c0c3e-1e2e-52d6-a2dc-dcb51c0350e6",
            "method": "deterministic",
            "not_compound_classification": true,
            "rule": "character-presence-001",
            "value": false
        }
    ],
    "compound_claims": []
}

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